Residence planning

Citizenship by investment: due-diligence checklist

Citizenship is a significant legal status. This directory is a starting point for checking official programmes and their conditions, not a recommendation to buy a particular investment or engage an intermediary.

Guide reviewed 2026-10-08 · Programme snapshots shown individually below

Verify the route and the application channel

Confirm that the programme is operating and identify the authority responsible. Check the official list of authorised agents if an agent is required. Treat guarantees of approval, shortcuts around checks or claims that a passport changes all tax obligations as reasons to investigate further.

Budget for the complete family application

Identify who can be included and what documents are required for each person. Separate qualifying contributions or investments from due-diligence fees, processing costs and professional charges. Ask which payments are refundable if an application does not succeed.

Review the consequences of another citizenship

Seek advice on retaining existing citizenship, reporting requirements and any other obligations relevant to your circumstances. The OECD distinguishes citizenship obtained through investment from tax residence; the tax analysis still depends on the applicable domestic rules and facts.

Explore programmes by country

27 directory entries across 15 countries. Active routes are listed first. Suspended routes are labelled separately, and proposed routes appear under Upcoming. Closed routes are omitted. A listing does not confirm current availability or eligibility; follow the official source in each profile.

Active programmes

Antigua & Barbuda →

Austria →

Bangladesh →

Dominica →

Egypt →

El Salvador →

  • Freedom Visa

    Snapshot: 2026-10 · Running per 2026 reports but no approval statistics; bitcoin legal-tender rollback 2025

Grenada →

Jordan →

Saint Lucia →

St Kitts & Nevis →

Turkey →

Vanuatu →

Changes or availability under review

North Macedonia →

Upcoming · not yet available

Proposed or not yet operational. These routes are not currently available for applications.

Argentina →

Ghana →

Common questions

Does a new passport automatically change tax residence?

No. The OECD cautions that citizenship or residence obtained through investment does not automatically establish tax residence or terminate an existing one.

Does a listing mean a programme is recommended?

No. Listings help you locate and compare information. Verify current availability and obtain independent advice before applying or paying.

Sources and scope

General planning information, not personalised tax, immigration or investment advice. The programme directory reflects recorded snapshots; the guide review date does not mean every programme has been reverified.

  • A residence permit or passport does not by itself establish tax residence. Countries may use physical presence, a home, family or economic ties. Read the country-specific tests in each profile; there is no universal 183-day exemption. Where two countries claim residence, the applicable treaty may apply tie-breaker tests.
  • OECD: residence and citizenship by investment
  • Country-specific application sources are linked on each programme profile.

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